{"id":5663,"date":"2022-06-10T05:56:11","date_gmt":"2022-06-10T03:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.atopika.org\/?p=5663"},"modified":"2022-06-10T06:22:38","modified_gmt":"2022-06-10T04:22:38","slug":"nasveti-praskanje-sprozilci-oblacila-nega","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.atopika.org\/en\/2022\/06\/10\/nasveti-praskanje-sprozilci-oblacila-nega\/","title":{"rendered":"Atopijski dermatitis: ”Mami, srbi!”"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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V spodnjem \u010dlanku lahko prebereze kako se uspe\u0161no soo\u010diti z atopijskim dermatitisom<\/a>, kako negovati ko\u017eo, kako bla\u017eiti srbe\u017e, kako izbiramo obla\u010dila in kaj so najpogostej\u0161i spro\u017eilci. \u010clanek sem napisala za portal BIBALEZE.si.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kaj je atopijska ko\u017ea?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Atopijska ko\u017ea otrok je zelo suha in ob\u010dutljiva ter zahteva vsakodnevno dosledno nego in nenehne ukrepe, ki prepre\u010dujejo izbruhe bolezni. Simptom, ki najbolj prizadene kakovost \u017eivljenja bolnikov in za katerega ni u\u010dinkovitega zdravila, je kroni\u010dni srbe\u017e. Kroni\u010dni srbe\u017e je po definiciji srbe\u017e, ki traja dlje od \u0161estih tednov in prizadene vsakega bolnika z atopijskim dermatitisom. Za laj\u0161anje srbe\u010dice zdravniki navadno predpisujejo antihistaminike, ki pa so le redko u\u010dinkoviti, saj histamin ni poglavitni mediator vnetja pri tej bolezni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Splo\u0161no prisotno mnenje je, da ko\u017ea srbi samo zaradi prisotnosti izpu\u0161\u010daja. \u010ce bi se bolniki torej prenehali praskati ter imeli ustrezno nego, bi z izpu\u0161\u010dajem izginil tudi srbe\u017e. V resnici ni tako enostavno. V angle\u0161\u010dini je za atopijski dermatitis najbolj primerna in najpogosteje uporabljena besedna zveza: “It is\u00a0<\/em>not a rash that itches, but it is an itch that rashes<\/em>.”<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Srbe\u017e<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Bolezen je kompleksna in zapletena, veliko vpra\u0161anj pa ostaja neodgovorjenih, kljub temu da je v zadnjih letih dele\u017ena precej\u0161nje pozornosti. Eno izmed najbolj pere\u010dih vpra\u0161anj, ki si ga postavljajo bolniki in star\u0161i otrok z atopijski dermatitisom, je, kako se spoprijeti z uni\u010dujo\u010dim srbe\u017eem. Kaj pravzaprav lahko star\u0161i storimo sami, da otroku prepre\u010dimo praskanje in morda omilimo boj s srbe\u010do ko\u017eo? Sku\u0161ala bom povzeti le nekaj nasvetov, ki so se izkazali za u\u010dinkovite. Na tem mestu pa velja poudariti, da za vsakega bolnika niso primerni enaki prijemi ali ukrepi. Atopijski dermatitis ima toliko obrazov, kolikor je bolnikov, zato je zelo pomemben individualni pristop in obravnava.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kaj storiti, ko se otrok praska?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u017de nekaj \u010dasa vemo, da praskanje ko\u017ee poslab\u0161a znake in simptome bolezni. Ko\u017ea se med praskanjem \u0161e dodatno po\u0161koduje in postane dovzetnej\u0161a za sekundarne oku\u017ebe in za prehodnost alergenov. Slednje spro\u017ei imunski odziv, zaradi \u010desar je srbenje \u0161e intenzivnej\u0161e. To sicer niso edini dejavniki, ki pripomorejo k intenziteti srbenja, a zaradi njih se za\u010darani krog srbe\u010dice in praskanja \u0161e poglobi.<\/p>\n

Ne glede na to, kje na telesu se atopijski dermatits pojavi, je srbe\u017e ko\u017ee najhuj\u0161i simptom. Otroci se praskajo do krvi, drgnejo srbe\u010de dele telesa ob posteljnino in druge povr\u0161ine, z obrazom i\u0161\u010dejo hladne del\u010dke postelje, ob katerih si hladijo ko\u017eo in si za trenutek oddahnejo. Rane so obse\u017ene. Stiska, ki jo otrok ob srbenju do\u017eivlja, je velika, zato bo izkoristil vsak trenutek, da bi s praskanjem dosegel olaj\u0161anje. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Upo\u0161tevajte otroka<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Otroku ne prepre\u010dujte praskanja za vsako ceno. Neredko sem v stiku s star\u0161i, ki otroku fizi\u010dno prepre\u010dujejo praskanje z dr\u017eanjem rok. Dobro se zavedam, da star\u0161i s tem \u017eelijo otroku pomagati, saj ne \u017eelijo, da bi se ko\u017ea \u0161e bolj po\u0161kodovala, vendar pri tem prezrejo otrokovo osnovno fiziolo\u0161ko potrebo \u2013 umiritev srbe\u017ea. Srbe\u017e je nevzdr\u017een in otrok nima izbire, ali bi se praskal ali ne, temve\u010d po praskanju \u010duti mo\u010dno potrebo. Pri praskanju tak\u0161nega srbe\u017ea gre pravzaprav najve\u010dkrat za podzavestno motorno dejavnost \u2013 refleks za bla\u017eenje srbe\u017ea s stimuliranjem bole\u010dine. Vsaka bole\u010dina je namre\u010d olaj\u0161anje.\u00a0<\/p>

Nohtke postrizite na kratko, otrok pa naj nosi dolga, lahka, zra\u010dna obla\u010dila in rokavi\u010dke, ki prepre\u010dujejo direkten stik s ko\u017eo. Otroku naj ne bo vro\u010de, da se omeji potenje, ki spodbuja srbenje. Ko otrok izrazi stisko zaradi srbenja, mu pomagajte tako, da ko\u017eo bo\u017eate, rahlo \u0161\u010dipate, tapkate, hladite s hladnimi obkladki \u2026 Poslu\u0161ajte, kaj otrok \u017eeli, kaj ga umiri in kako mu lahko pomagate. Upo\u0161tevajte njegove \u017eelje.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Preusmeritev pozornosti<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Star\u0161i otroka z atopijskim dermatitisom vedo, da je otrokova stiska ob srbe\u017eu ko\u017ee velika. Nenehno iskanje re\u0161itev, ki bi otroku olaj\u0161ale dneve in no\u010di, je frustrirajo\u010de. Ob srbe\u017eu so otroci osredoto\u010deni le na tisto, kar jim prinese delno olaj\u0161anje, to pa je edino praskanje. Ena izmed metod, s katerimi lahko intenziteto srbenja zmanj\u0161amo, je odvra\u010danje pozornosti. Kadar se otroci lahko s \u010dim zamotijo in si zaposlijo roke, je praskanja manj. Otroka opazujte in bodite pozorni, kdaj je srbenje najintenzivnej\u0161e.<\/p>

Pri dojen\u010dkih in majhnih otrocih lahko poskusite med praskanjem izbrati posebno igra\u010do, s katero se igrate in tako otroka animirate. Ta igra\u010da naj slu\u017ei le preusmerjanju pozornosti od srbenja in praskanja ko\u017ee, nato jo pospravite. Ve\u010dje otroke sku\u0161ajte zamotiti z njihovo najljub\u0161o aktivnostjo. Bodite kreativni, zaposlite otrokove misli in prstke, skupaj ri\u0161ite, oblikujte glino, plastelin \u2026 Intenziteta srbe\u017ea navadno nara\u0161\u010da proti ve\u010deru. Pozno popoldan tako morda na\u010drtujte sprehod v naravi ali se zve\u010der zaposlite z umirjenimi dru\u017einskimi igrami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Spro\u017eilci<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cilj vseh star\u0161ev, \u010digar otrok je atopik, je, da bi jim uspelo\u00a0obdr\u017eati znake in simptome bolezni pod nadzorom. Pri nadzoru in obvladovanju srbe\u017ea se je izjemno pomembno izogibati potencialnim spro\u017eilcem bolezni. Treba\u00a0je poudariti, da spro\u017eilci atopijskega dermatitisa lahko vsakega otroka prizadenejo druga\u010de \u2013 kar je za nekoga dejavnik poslab\u0161anja, na nekoga drugega nima prav nobenega vpliva. V\u010dasih se telo odzove na spro\u017eilec nemudoma, drugi\u010d pa \u0161ele \u010dez nekaj dni. Ugotoviti, kaj otroku ne ustreza ali mu spro\u017ei izbruh, ni enostavno, zato vam svetujem, da pi\u0161ete dnevnik. Zapisujte, kaj je otrok jedel, pil, ali se je ukvarjal s \u0161portno dejavnostjo, v katerih prostorih se je gibal, kdaj in s \u010dim ste jih \u010distili, ali se je zgodil kak\u0161en stresen dogodek (v mislih imejte tako pozitivni kot negativni stres) …\u00a0Bodite pozorni na prav vsako spremembo, \u010detudi se vam zdi nepomembna. V kolikor ima otrok potrjene alergene ali ste morda sami opazili, da ste stanje ko\u017ee po dolo\u010deni hrani (ali drugem potencialnem spro\u017eilcu) poslab\u0161a, to upo\u0161tevajte in se alergenom dosledno izogibajte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Nega<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nega in higiena atopijske ko\u017ee sta klju\u010dnega pomena. Ko\u017eo otroka dvakrat na dan umijte in z nje odstranite pot, potencialne alergene in ostanke krem. Nega naj bo posebej temeljita zve\u010der. Na\u010din umivanja \u2013 umivanje s krpico, tu\u0161iranje ali kopanje \u2013 je odvisen od vsakega posameznika. Ugotovite, kaj otrokovi ko\u017ei najbolj ustreza.\u00a0Voda<\/a>\u00a0naj bo mla\u010dna in kopanje naj ne traja predolgo. Dr\u017eite se “pravila treh minut”: po umivanju ko\u017eo ne\u017eno obri\u0161ite in nato na \u0161e vla\u017eno ko\u017eo v roku treh minut nanesite negovalni preparat. Z uporabo negovalnih preparatov izbolj\u0161amo vlogo ko\u017ee kot pregrade ter zmanj\u0161amo vstop alergenov in mikrobov v telo, zaradi \u010desar se zmanj\u0161ata vnetje ko\u017ee in jakost srbenja. \u010ce so prisotne sekundarne oku\u017ebe ko\u017ee, je potreben obisk pri zdravniku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ne obupajte!<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Preden boste na\u0161li ustrezno nego za va\u0161ega otroka, bo verjetno minilo nekaj \u010dasa,\u00a0a vstajajte. Preskusite razli\u010dne negovalne in hladilne kreme, cinkovo kremo in razli\u010dne kombinacije krem, losjonov in mazil.\u00a0Vsaka ko\u017ea je druga\u010dna, vsak izpu\u0161\u010daj je druga\u010den in vsaka suha ko\u017ea ni enako suha.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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V kolikor dojite, preizkusite \u0161e u\u010dinek materinega mleka na atopijsko ko\u017eo, ki naj bi imel u\u010dinek enakovreden 1 % hidrokortizonskemu mazilu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Obla\u010dila<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Izbira obla\u010dil, primernih za atopijsko ko\u017eo, ima pomembno vlogo, saj je ko\u017ea ob\u010dutljiva na vsako obliko mehanskega dra\u017eenja. Volna in umetne tkanine, kot so poliester, akril in poliamid, dokazano spodbujajo dra\u017eenje ko\u017ee in intenziteto srbenja. \u010ce je mo\u017eno, svojim otrokom zagotovite obla\u010dila, ki so naravna, lahka, ohlapna in zra\u010dna. Najpogosteje se svetuje uporaba obla\u010dil iz bomba\u017ea, lanu, bambusa, konoplje in svile. Bomba\u017e je med bolniki najbolj priljubljen saj je vzdr\u017eljiv, ima dobro toplotno prevodnost, odli\u010dno absorbira vlago in je finan\u010dno najbolj dostopen. Vendar pa se je treba zavedati, da lahko ko\u017eo dra\u017eijo tudi naravna obla\u010dila. Vlakna bomba\u017ea so kratka in lahko povzro\u010dijo dra\u017eenje ko\u017ee. Tudi tekstilne barve so lahko dra\u017ee\u010de. Svila je prav tako priljubljena tkanina, a nekateri lahko razvijejo alergijo na sericin, protein, ki se nahaja v svili. Pozornost posvetite tudi etiketam na obla\u010dilih, predvsem pri dojen\u010dkih, ki nanje sami ne morejo opozoriti. Star\u0161i pa pogosto pozabimo, da so pomembna tudi na\u0161a obla\u010dila in otrokove odejice, saj se tudi ti dotikajo otrokove ko\u017ee.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kopel z jabol\u010dnim kisom<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Srbe\u010dico lahko sku\u0161ate ubla\u017eiti tudi s kopeljo, ki ji dodate razli\u010dne naravne pripravke. Ena izmed najpogosteje uporabljenih kopeli je kopel z jabol\u010dnim kisom. Jabol\u010dni kis ima blag antimikrobni u\u010dinek in lahko pomaga vzpostaviti zdravo stanje ko\u017ee. Naravni pH zdrave ko\u017ee je rahlo kisel (okrog 5), medtem ko je pH atopijske ko\u017ee navadno bazi\u010den (nad 7). Kadar je pH ko\u017ee bazi\u010den, se njeno ravnovesje podre, ko\u017ena pregrada ne deluje ve\u010d pravilno in ko\u017ea izgublja vlago. Podre se tudi ko\u017ena mikrobiota. Ko\u017eo lahko kolonizirajo patogeni mikroorganizmi, ki mo\u010dno poslab\u0161ajo stanje atopijske ko\u017ee. Kisova kopel lahko z zni\u017eanjem pH in z blagim antimikrobnim u\u010dinkom preko regulacije bakterijske flore na ko\u017ei prepre\u010duje razvoj patogenih bakterij in gliv. Kopel z jabol\u010dnim kisom je enostavna in lahko zmanj\u0161a potrebo po antimikrobnih kremah.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pravilna uporaba - jabol\u010dni kis<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Blagodejni u\u010dinki jabol\u010dnega kisa na atopijsko ko\u017eo so znani \u017ee iz \u010dasa Hipokrata, a uporaba je neredko napa\u010dna in lahko tudi nevarna. Star\u0161i v upanju, da bi svojemu otroku\u00a0ubla\u017eili srbenje, ranjeno atopijsko\u00a0ko\u017eo izpirajo, mo\u010dijo ali pr\u0161ijo s kisom, ki ga razred\u010dijo z vodo v razmerju 1:1, ali pa uporabijo celo\u00a0nerazred\u010den kis. Kis je organska kislina, ki lahko v redkih primerih \u017ee na zdravi ko\u017ei povzro\u010di kemijsko opeklino. Kadar pa so prisotne rane, ki so pri atopijskem dermatitisu pogosto obse\u017ene,\u00a0sve\u017ee<\/a>, in odprte, tak\u0161no tretiranje ko\u017ee predstavlja za otroka agonijo. Trpljenje otroka z atopijskim dermatitisom je \u017ee samo po sebi nepredstavljivo, zato je pomembno, da otroku ne povzro\u010damo dodatnih bole\u010din ali neprijetnosti. Ti otroci so navajeni bole\u010dine, zato marsikdaj tudi tak\u0161no tretiranje prena\u0161ajo zelo stoi\u010dno. Velikokrat \u017eelijo tudi ugoditi nam star\u0161em. Za pravilno uporabo jabol\u010dnega kisa pri atopijskem dermatitisu v otro\u0161ko banjico dodajte le 1 ali 2 dcl doma\u010dega jabol\u010dnega kisa. Razmerje med kisom in vodo naj bo na\u010deloma 1 : 80, odvisno pa je tudi od tega, kako mo\u010dno je ko\u017ea prizadeta in kako bo jabol\u010dni kis prenesla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Zaklju\u010dek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vredno si je zapomniti, da se lahko s pravilno nego ko\u017ee in na\u010dinom \u017eivljenja izognete mo\u010dnej\u0161im zdravilom in omilite srbe\u017e ko\u017ee, predvsem pri blagih oblikah atopijskega dermatitisa.<\/p>\n

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<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V spodnjem \u010dlanku lahko prebereze kako se uspe\u0161no soo\u010diti z atopijskim dermatitisom, kako negovati ko\u017eo, kako bla\u017eiti srbe\u017e, kako izbiramo obla\u010dila in kaj so najpogostej\u0161i spro\u017eilci. \u010clanek sem napisala za portal BIBALEZE.si. Kaj je atopijska ko\u017ea? Atopijska ko\u017ea otrok je zelo suha in ob\u010dutljiva ter zahteva vsakodnevno dosledno nego in nenehne ukrepe, ki prepre\u010dujejo izbruhe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4797,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-splosno"],"yoast_head":"\nNasveti praskanje spro\u017eilci obla\u010dila nega: Atopijski dermatitis: srbe\u017e, nega<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nasveti za \u017eivljenje z atopijskim dermatitisom: srbe\u017e, nega, praskanje, spro\u017eilci, obla\u010dila. 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